The long-term neurological consequences of congenital Zika Syndrome to Zika-Infected maternal during pregnancy - A narrative review

Abstract

Background. Congenital Zika Syndrome presents a significant public health concern, particularly due to its association with severe neurological complications in infants born to maternal infected with the Zika virus during pregnancy. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the risks, complications, and preventive measures associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy. Methods. A thorough literature search was conducted, encompassing studies, case reports, and clinical observations related to neurological complications in infants with congenital Zika syndrome. The review focuses on elucidating the intricate relationship between maternal Zika virus infection and the subsequent neurological challenges faced by newborns. Results. The neurological impacts of congenital Zika syndrome are multifaceted, ranging from the well-documented microcephaly to less explored manifestations such as brain abnormalities, ventriculomegaly, intracranial calcifications, seizures, and sensory impairments. Additionally, joint and limb contractures contribute to the complexity of congenital Zika syndrome-related neurological deficits. This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the subject, shedding light on the diverse ways in which Zika virus infection during pregnancy can affect the developing fetal nervous system. Conclusion. Understanding the intricate neurological complications associated with congenital Zika syndrome is crucial for healthcare practitioners, researchers, and policymakers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge, emphasizing the need for continued research, surveillance, and public health interventions to mitigate the impact of the Zika virus on maternal and child health.