Abstract
The local conservation status of the regionally rarest bird species in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil
Highlights
Rare species are those localized within restricted geographical areas or habitats or thinly scattered over a more extensive range (IUCN 2012)
Rarity is an aspect of population status rather than an assessment of extinction risk, the vast majority of threatened species are rare species
We have focused on the bird species known to occur in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, that have not been recently recorded or have fewer than 10 records in the last five decades in the state
Summary
Rare species are those localized within restricted geographical areas or habitats or thinly scattered over a more extensive range (IUCN 2012). Rarity is an aspect of population status rather than an assessment of extinction risk, the vast majority of threatened species are rare species. A classification scheme to assess rarity has been proposed based on three different parameters - population size, geographic range and habitat requirements (Rabinowitz et al 1986). Species with a large population size, a wide geographic range, and a broad range of habitats could be considered common species, while all other species would be considered rare. Intrinsic factors associated with rare species include low reproductive rates, long generation time, large area requirements and high ecological specialization (McKinney 1997; Purvis et al 2000). Pollution, hunting and introduction of exotic species are the most important extrinsic factors leading to species rarity (IUCN 2012)
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