Abstract
The Little Ice Age (LIA) in the Tatras was characterized by both long and short rainy periods (mostly long cold rainy summers) alternated with warm periods that sometimes were very dry. Definite, precise identification of the onset and ending of the LIA in the Tatras is not possible. Depending on the criteria adopted, the limits of the actual onset and ending vary slightly. During the LIA in the Tatras, there were no fully developed glaciers, and only glacierettes were present. New rock glaciers had not formed while the existing ones did not show any activity. The LIA, in addition to the increased intensity of morphogenic processes, was also reflected in the lives of inhabitants of this part of the Carpathians. For humans the changes were very unfavourable because they were accompanied by a shortened vegetation period and crop yield deficiency that fostered the spread famine and various epidemics.
Highlights
The term Little Ice Age (LIA) was introduced to earth sciences on the grounds of glaciology by F
There were the greatest advances of Alpine glaciers, which reached their maximum extents on the Holocene scale
The relationship between temperature and precipitation (t-p ELA) was taken into account when calculating these heights. These data show that during the maximum cooling of the LIA in the Tatras, despite the lowering of the climatic snow line, there were no conditions for glaciers to develop in cirques
Summary
The term Little Ice Age (LIA) was introduced to earth sciences on the grounds of glaciology by F. There are three basic sets of diagnostic slope forms that allow reconstruction of past geomorphological events in the Tatras. There are considerable divergences in views on the beginning and the end of the Little Ice Age. The onset of climate deterioration is determined by the advance of glaciers in the high mountains. Historical glacier changes must be determined in conjunction with palaeoclimatic conditioning determined by the annual dendroclimatological records, varves, and ice cores. It has been found for the Alps that the response time of glaciers to actual climate changes can be several years or even decades before glaciers reach a new equilibrium (Haeberli and Hoelzle, 1995). The reconstructions of climatic, hydrological and geomorphological events in the Tatra Mountains need to refer primarily to regional events
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