The Linguistic Characteristics of the Copy of the Letter of Sigismund-August to Kyiv’ pidvoyevody M. Myshky-Varkovskyy

Abstract

In the article is published the text of a copy of the letter of Sigismund-August to the Kyiv pidvoyevody M. Myshky-Varkovsky with the order to return the magistrate seized letters by him for Magdeburg privileges. This letter was published on 30 September in 1570 in Warsaw. It is in the collection of privileges to confirm the Magdeburg law to M. Kiev by the Polish rulers from 1544 to 1659. The collection of these documents, which has 48 cases, was copied in the beginning of the XVIII century for their own needs burmistrov Kozma Krichevets. This document is located in the Central State Historical archive in Kiev.The linguistic features are characterized in the Sigismund letter. In this analysis I revealed that in phonetic-level graphics it was used variable spellings graphemes (и – ы, t – е, ъ – ь), sometimes was used also Latin letters z, m, v next to the Cyrillic, the reflects of the hardness and softness were inconsistent. The elongation of the sounds is reported differently in writing, some words are written without simplification also in this document was certified assimilation of thud. The peculiarity of the morphological level is the preservation of the old and new noun endings (-еви in the dative case singular, of the old endings in the dative and instrumental cases, plural, etc), the use of long forms of adjectives, pronouns, participles, somewhere it was used perfect forms, etc. In the letter was revealed a significant number of lexical borrowings of Polish, Latin, German language, the appearance of which is due to the then language situation (functioning of several languages) and business style (which in the Polish-language samples the borrowings were penetrated). Only in a few cases was influenced by the Church Slavonic language (чрεзъ, хощεшъ). The variability of the monument at different levels is explained by the then written tradition, the formation of the language system and the lack of rationing.