Abstract

In the aftermath of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, runaway slaves from Texas and debt peons from Northern Mexico put the new borderline to an unexpected use. Aware that it separated two very different countries, each sought refuge on the other side. Thus, a line intended to seal off one side from the other and keep laborers bounded in their place served a contrary function. The food of refugees across the border produced a guerra sorda—cold war— between Mexico and the United States over their differing ideas of labor and race. On the ground, this war of words constantly threatened to degenerate into a hot shooting war. And when runaway slaves and Mexican peons became unexpected allies, the situation only deteriorated further. Ultimately, neither Mexican nor U.S. officials could disabuse their servile laborers of the notion that the new border represented a line of liberty and that greater opportunity lay in greater mobility. Como consequencia del Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo, esclavos profugos de Texas y peones del Norte de Mexico utilizaron la recien creada frontera en una manera imprevista. Estos esclavos profugos y peones adquieren concien-cia de que en la nueva frontera habian dos paises con leyes muy distintas, y estos no titubearon en buscar amparo en el lado que mejor les convenia. Por consiguiente, una frontera que se suponia mantendria peones y trabajadores en su sitio sirvio una funcion contraria. El remolino humano de refugiados resulto en una guerra sorda—cold war—entre Mexico y los Estados Unidos sobre ideas de labor y raza. Desde el comienzo, en la frontera, siempre habia la amenaza de que este conficto se convertiria en una guerra de balazos. Cuando esclavos y peones refugiados se hacian amigos la situacion empeoraba. Por que, ni los ofciales de Mexico, ni los de los EEUU pudieron quitarle la ilusion a sus trabajadores de que la frontera representaba una frontera de oportunidad, y que en la movilidad se podia encontrar mas libertad.

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