Abstract
So far siderite has been intensely studied by Raman, far infrared. Mössbauer spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The present work adds a Mössbauer measurement on a well oriented powder sample in applied fields of 80 kG normal to the spin direction of the uniaxial antiferromagnet at 4.2 K. The spins move 7.1° ± 0.4° out of the three-fold axis. The data can be described within the ligand field theory of the 5D state of Fe 2+ including an exchange interaction proportional to the expectation value of the spin S. The exchange interaction is anisotropic ( J 1 ≈ 3 J 1). Covalency effects are very small. The orbital momentum operator and the hyperfine constants are affected by covalency in the order of 1 per cent.
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