Abstract
Purpose of StudyTo gain Swedish norm value for the Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A) in a population 60–93+ years old stratified for sex and age and to relate these norm values with respect to number of chronic diseases and functional impairment.Materials and MethodsThe study population included a random sample of 2656 men (45.7%) and 3159 (54.3%) women from the longitudinal national studies’ “Good Aging in Skåne” (GÅS) and SNAC-B, both part of the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). Data on Neugartens Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A), medical history, activities of daily life (ADL) and socio-demographics were collected through structured interviews and questionnaires.ResultsMen scored significantly higher than women; 28.5, sd=6.9, and 27.3, sd=6.6, respectively, out of maximum 40 points. For both genders the scores decreased with age, mean score 6.0 points, lower for men and 7.1 points lower for women between 60 and 93+ years. The highest score was noted for healthy individuals where both men and women scored 29.5 points, sd=6.2. Increased number of chronic diseases and dependency in ADLs were associated with lower LS.ConclusionNorm values here presented may facilitate assessments and evaluation of life satisfaction in the general elder population and as reference values to clinical trials. Female sex, rising age, morbidity and impaired functional ability were all associated with impaired LS.
Highlights
Life satisfaction (LS) in the concept of subjective well-being (SWB), is an indivi dual’s cognitive and emotional evaluation at a particular point in time which reflects to what extent social and psychological needs have been met.[1,2]
The Neugartens Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A), one of the most frequently used instruments measuring LS, was constructed in 1961 during a research program aiming to be a valid and reliable instrument not restricted in time
General results for both men and women are that lower scores on LSI-A were associated with increasing age, living alone, a more submit your manuscript | www.dovepress.com DovePress mn sd CI 95% q1 md q3 Min–Max At Ceiling n (%) L Missing n (%)
Summary
Life satisfaction (LS) in the concept of subjective well-being (SWB), is an indivi dual’s cognitive and emotional evaluation at a particular point in time which reflects to what extent social and psychological needs have been met.[1,2] As a theoretical construct life satisfaction cannot be measured directly but assessed as a latent vari able, most often through interviews or questionnaire. The Neugartens Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A), one of the most frequently used instruments measuring LS, was constructed in 1961 during a research program aiming to be a valid and reliable instrument not restricted in time. Normative values for LSI-A in the elder general population stratified for age and gender is lacking
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