The Levels of Salivary IgA and Lactoferrin and Some Salivary Parameters in Waterpipe Smokers and Cigarette Smokers

Abstract

Background: Waterpipe and cigarette are two types of tobacco consumption, their smoking is associated with many adverse effects it has a detrimental effect on saliva and causes a reduction in salivary pH and flow rate in addition to their controversial effect on salivary IgA and lactoferrin. Materials and Methods: unstimulated saliva was collected from 84 subjects in the early morning between 8-10 am. Subjects were divided equally into three group’swaterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and non-smokers all of the participants are adult male aged between 25-60 years, Sandwich ELISA technique was used for detection and estimation the level of salivary IgA and lactoferrin. Result: IgA and Lactoferrin results showed significantly(p≤0.01), higher concentration in cigarette and waterpipe smokers group than nonsmokers Results also showed that Salivary flow rate(SFR) and pH was higher in the non-smoker’s group followed by waterpipe and cigarette smokers groups with a highly significant difference (p≤0.01), The correlation between Lactoferrin and salivary IgA also showed a significant (p≤0.01),moderate positive correlation in the cigarette group only. Conclusions:Smokingincrease Salivary IgA and lactoferrin concentrations while it reduces SFR and pH of saliva, a significant positive correlation was founded between lactoferrin and salivary IgA only in cigarette smokers