The Level-Set Flow of the Topologist’s Sine Curve is Smooth

Abstract

In this note we prove that the level-set flow of the topologist’s sine curve is a smooth closed curve. In Lauer (Geom Funct Anal 23(6): 1934–1961, 2013) it was shown by the second author that under the level-set flow, a locally connected set in the plane evolves to be smooth, either as a curve or as a positive area region bounded by smooth curves. Here we give the first example of a domain whose boundary is not locally connected for which the level-set flow is instantaneously smooth. Our methods also produce an example of a nonpath-connected set that instantly evolves into a smooth closed curve.