The level of sIgA in nasal secretions and the incidence of complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 against an immunotropic drug

Abstract

<b>Introduction:</b> The issues of correcting the immune response with both prophylactic and therapeutic purposes in the struggle against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a subject of study / discussion, despite the achievement of effectiveness in the prevention of COVID-19 vaccine. <b>Objective:</b> to determine the dynamics of sIgA in nasal secretions in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 when combining basic therapy with an immunotropic drug from bacterial ligands. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study participants were divided into 2 groups: the first group of moderate to severe patients (n = 16), received classical treatment, the second group of moderate to severe patients (n = 10), received treatment with an immunostimulating drug of bacterial origin “Imunovac VP4” (Multicomponent vaccine from bacterial antigens). The level of sIgA was detected by ELISA. <b>Results:</b> The baseline level of sIgA (μg / ml) in nasal secretions of patients was high and did not differ between the groups 1 and 2, being 103.36 and 112.5. In the first group, after 14 ± 2 days and 30 ± 2 days, the sIgA value decreased to 59.48 (p = 0.049) and 47.73 (p = 0.022), respectively. In the second group, the concentration of sIgA at the indicated time did not change relative to the initial one and was recorded in the range from 65.79 to 66.02, respectively. In patients of the second group, there was a decrease in days with a high temperature. There were no undesirable side reactions to the administration of the immunotropic drug. <b>Conclusions:</b> It was found that the appointment of bacterial ligands in complex therapy can help maintain an increased sIgA content for the period of treatment.