Abstract
BackgroundFertility is one of the three principal components of population dynamics. High fertility and rapid population growth exert negative influences on economic and social development. This study was aimed to estimate the level and trends of fertility among (15–49 years) old women in kersa demographic surveillance and health research center, kersa district Eastern Ethiopia.MethodsThe study was conducted at kersa demographic surveillance and health research center in kersa district, Eastern Ethiopia. The study utilized five years follow up data (2008–2012). All women (15 to 49 years old) who have been living at kersa demographic surveillance and health research center in kersa district from 2008 to 2012 were included in the analysis to estimate the level and pattern of fertility. Descriptive statistics was computed to determine level and pattern of fertility.ResultsAge specific fertility rate was highest in women of the age group 25–29 years old (233.2 per 1000 women in 2008; 205.8 per 1000 women in 2009; 279.0 per 1000 women in 2010; 186.6 per 1000 women in 2011 and 198.5 per 1000 women in 2012) in five consecutive years from 2008 to 2012. Total fertility rate didn't show any significant decline during the study period, i.e., 4.3, 4.5, 4.9, 3.5, 4.0 live births per woman throughout her reproductive period (15–49) years old in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. On the other hand, general fertility rate declined from 110.3 births per 1000 women in 2008 to 95.9 per 1000 women in the reproductive age in 2012.ConclusionThe total fertility rate was found to be relatively high. Fertility rate is higher in rural residents and illiterate women than in urban residents and literate women. Strong information, education, communication and behavior change communication on family planning should be designed and implemented to prevent unwanted fertility.
Highlights
Fertility is one of the three principal components of population dynamics
The surveillance activity was instituted in 12 kebeles of which two are semi-urban and the remaining 10 are rural kebeles. (Fig. 1) According to the first census of kersa demographic surveillance and health research center (KDS-HRC), there were 10,256 households and 53,462 people in the study site with an average household size of 5.2 and sex ratio of 105
Three-quarters of women had their first birth before the age of 19 years old [Table 1]
Summary
Fertility is one of the three principal components of population dynamics. Fertility is one of the three principal components of population dynamics that determine the size, structure and composition of the population in any country [2]. Over the 50 years, Sub-Saharan African countries are expected to become the primary source of global population increase. Countries such as Nigeria, Congo, Uganda and Ethiopia are likely to rise quickly in the ranking of the largest contributors to population growth. Major change occurs between 1950 and 2050 in the ranking of the largest contributors to annual population change. The population of Sub-Saharan Africa is growing at 3 % per year [4]
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