The length metric on the set of orthogonal projections and new estimates in the subspace perturbation problem

Abstract

Abstract We consider the problem of variation of spectral subspaces for bounded linear self-adjoint operators in a Hilbert space. Using metric properties of the set of orthogonal projections as a length space, we obtain a new estimate on the norm of the operator angle associated with two spectral subspaces for isolated parts of the spectrum of the perturbed and unperturbed operators, respectively. In particular, recent results by Kostrykin, Makarov and Motovilov from [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 131, 3469–3476] and [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 359, 77–89] are strengthened.