Abstract
The highest effectiveness of heat exchange is under boiling; hence, surface tension is an important parameter and should be determined when new liquid substances are created. The most popular methods are based on numerically solving the Young–Laplace equation by applying the Bashforth and Adams algorithm, which fails at the poles and at the inflection points. The newest algorithm is based on the closed-form expressions that define a drop or bubble. It gives the accurate solutions for the fully created drops or bubbles. To validate it, the surface tension value is determined for the air bubbles in water and compared with the reference data. Because the relative discrepancies are extremely small, the new method may be thought of as positively validated.
Highlights
A necessity to increasing the effectiveness of energy transfer results in heat exchange under boiling conditions [1]
Since Young–Laplace Equation (1) does not contain any coordinate of an interface shape, Bashforth and the algorithm fails when surface tension is determined from a spherical drop
The ultimate cameras containing charge-coupled devices (CCD) are capable to capture the drop at such a moment, the Young–Laplace equation may not be solved at the poles of the drop
Summary
A necessity to increasing the effectiveness of energy transfer results in heat exchange under boiling conditions [1]. Since Young–Laplace Equation (1) does not contain any coordinate of an interface shape, Bashforth and the algorithm fails when surface tension is determined from a spherical drop The treatise on surface tension phenomena by Hartland and Hartley [17] does not show consists in the lack of a solution at a sharpened tip and tapering neighborhood. The shapes of the the treatise on surface tension phenomena by Hartland and Hartley [17] does not show the solutions in the pendant interface are listed from = 10° to 179.064° and from 179.064° to 0.935678° The ultimate cameras containing charge-coupled devices (CCD) are capable to capture the drop at such a moment, the Young–Laplace equation may not be solved at the poles of the drop
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