Abstract
The latest Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is seen as an upgradable DTM that is fitted to the latest combination of DTM master and its displacement. The latest DTM can be used to overcome the problem of static DTM weaknesses in displaying the latest topographic changes. DTM masters are obtained from InSAR and Digital Surface Model (DSM) ALOS PALSAR conversions. Meanwhile, the displacement is obtained from Sentinel-1 images, which can be updated every 6–12 days or at least every month. ALOS PALSAR data were the images acquired in 2008 and 2017, while Sentinel-1 data used were images acquired in 2018 and 2020. This study aims to reveal the importance of an upgradable DTM so called latest DTM which is combination of DTM master and its displacement in order to show the latest condition of study area. The case study is the dynamics analyze of the Semangko fault specifically in the Sianok and Sumani segments situated in Indonesia. The vertical accuracy assessment was done to evaluate the DSM to DTM conversion with a tolerance of 1.96σ. The result obtained is the latest DTM. It is derived from the integration of the DTM master with displacement. The latest DTM can be used to detect the dynamics of Semangko fault. The study area has vertical deformation at a value of –50 cm to 30 cm. The Semangko fault area is dominated by –25 to 5 cm deformation. In general, this region has decreased. The decline in this region ranges from 7.5 cm to 10 cm per year. The latest DTM vertical accuracy is 2.158 m (95% confidence level) with a scale of 1: 10,000 to 1: 20,000.
Highlights
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a 3D model that describes topographical and bathymetrical conditions
The weaknesses the static Digital Terrain Model (DTM) can be improved by the latest DTM, which accommodates the latest condition of the topographic changes
The latest DTM is an upgradable DTM obtained from the combined deformation and DTM master
Summary
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a 3D model that describes topographical and bathymetrical conditions. DEM can be developed from various data sources, including topographic maps, field measurement data, photogrammetry, interferometry, sonar, and satellite imageries (Maune & Nayegandhi, 2018). The commonly known form of DEM is the Digital Surface Model (DSM) and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) (Maune & Nayegandhi, 2018). They display only the past condition, which neither represents the current condition nor uses the deformation parameter related to topographic changes. Factor attributed to these problems includes the availability of raw data, expensive processing costs, and the relatively long time to process (Monserrat et al, 2014).
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