Abstract
The late-surviving early diverging Ibero-Armorican ‘duck-billed’ dinosaur Fylax and the role of the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago in hadrosauroid biogeography
Highlights
The anatomy and phylogenetic systematics of a well preserved hadrosauroid dentary collected in the 1990s from uppermost Maastrichtian strata of the Figuerola Formation, in the Àger syncline of the southern Pyrenees in northeastern Spain are revised
The specimen represents a new genus and species of basally branching hadrosauroid dinosaur, Fylax thyrakolasus gen. et sp. nov. This taxon is the third hadrosaurid outgroup species erected in Europe so far and the stratigraphically youngest non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid known to date. It is diagnosed on the basis of a unique combination of characters such as a dorsal region of the coronoid process that is at least as wide anteroposteriorly as 30% of dental battery length, a coronoid process inclined anteriorly less than 80o relative to the alveolar margin of the dentary, steeply inclined and flat occlusal surface of the dental battery, and dentary tooth crowns 2.8–3.3 times taller than wide without marginal denticles and with a pair of major long ridges on the enameled lingual surface
The parsimony analysis confirmed that F. thyrakolasus gen. et sp. nov. is a close outgroup to Hadrosauridae
Summary
The anatomy and phylogenetic systematics of a well preserved hadrosauroid dentary collected in the 1990s from uppermost Maastrichtian strata (within chron C29r) of the Figuerola Formation, in the Àger syncline of the southern Pyrenees in northeastern Spain are revised. The specimen represents a new genus and species of basally branching hadrosauroid dinosaur, Fylax thyrakolasus gen.
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