Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the language acquisition approaches whose conceptions of language acquisitions are transferred to learning environments through adjustments made on the basis of application methods. The paper also discussed their similarities and differences. Different approaches to language acquisition in various disciplines, different views, and perceptions of it have been developed. There are some approaches completely distinct from others, while there are some others affected by different perspectives. In addition to the language acquisition approaches mentioned above, the paper delineated what literacy skills are and what kind of hierarchical order is followed by the development of these skills. The study, on one hand, deliberated children’s innate abilities and their acquired skills. by examining the reading and writing methods and from which approach they have been affected. The study, on the other hand, summarized the views of Vygotsky, whose contributions to learning in general and language acquisition in particular are better understood today. In brief, this paper discusses and explains the language acquisition approaches and the development process of children’s literacy skills.
Highlights
Literacy skills are of vital importance for all people and enable children to get to know the life and interact with their environment and other people, leading the way to a successful career
The hearing and speaking skills, which are essential for teaching, are two basic elements of basic language skills and they have an important role in the acquisition of two other basic skills of reading and writing
Researchers have investigated the effect of this interaction on the acquisition of language skills and they have emphasized that the process of language acquisition should be seen as a process starting at birth and that the child learns literacy skills through the interactions he/she establish with his/her environment (Bruner, 1978; Goodman, 1984)
Summary
Literacy skills are of vital importance for all people and enable children to get to know the life and interact with their environment and other people, leading the way to a successful career. Every student starts the school with his/her own learning capacity, environmental and communicative prior knowledge and level of competence and builds new knowledge on them. There are several views on the issue of the acquisition of literacy skills expressed by both the linguists arguing that language skills are innate skills and by the researchers claiming that they are acquired later in the life. In this part of the paper, the basic language acquisition approaches providing instructional perspectives in relation to how to inculcate literacy skills in children will be discussed briefly.
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