The Landscape of Research on Skin Detectors: Coherent Taxonomy, Open Challenges, Motivations, Recommendations and Statistical Analysis, Future Directions

M A Chyad,A A Zaidan,H A Alsattar,B B Zaidan,Ghailan A Al Shafeey

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2924989

M A Chyad, A A Zaidan + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2924989

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Abstract

This paper review and analysis the literature on skin detector (SD), in order to establish the coherent taxonomy and figure out the gap on this pivotal research area. An extensive search is conducted to identify articles that deal with skin detection, skin segmentation, skin tone detector, and skin recognition issues, related techniques are reviewed comprehensively and a coherent taxonomy of these articles is established. ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science databases are checked for articles on skin detector. A total of 2803 papers are collected from 2007 to February 2018. The set comprised 173 articles. The largest portion of the papers (n = 158/173) = 91% belong to Development and Design, that is aimed to develop an approach for skin classifier into skin and non-skin. A sum total of (n = 5/173) = 3% of the papers belong to Evaluation and Framework, (n = 10/173) = 6% papers was categorized as Comparative Study. This paper discusses the open challenges, motivations and recommendations of the related works. Furthermore, state-of-the-art is a step to demonstrate the novelty of the presented study by conducted a statistical analysis for previous studies such as (Dataset, Color spaces, features, image type, and Classification techniques) as a future direction for other researchers who are interested in SD.

Highlights

This research is conducted in the area of skin detection
In this part of discussion, three main part were reviewed the first one the challenges facing the skin detector itself, the second part which is the motivation for skin detection and the last part is the recommendations
CHALLENGES There are some challenges identified in the publication that can be classified to illumination variation, diversity in color tone and color variation, challenges related to overlapping skin and non-skin pixels and the background, skin detection without color information, human tracking and model estimation, skin segmentation and content filtering

Summary

Introduction

Skin detection is currently used in various applications especially that involved identification of human skin and to differentiate between skin and non-skin using computer technology and sets of techniques and datasets [1]. Many researchers have been done to come with the best techniques especially skin detector and specific skin detection methods that can accurately identify the skin and non-skin [2], and at the same time reduce the computational cost, increase the processing speed and better in performance [3]. Skin detection researches being done to be applied in various applications [4]. The computer systems designed as detector will able to select skin regions from images being input and compare with the one in the databases, depending on a variety of applications that identifies them [8]

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