The LADY study: epidemiological characteristics of prevalent and new genitourinary syndrome of menopause cases in Greece

Abstract

Objective The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is often underdiagnosed and undertreated despite its significant impact on postmenopausal quality of life. We assessed the prevalence of GSM and associated symptoms in Greek perimenopausal/postmenopausal women attending gynecology clinics. Methods Four hundred and fifty women, aged 40–70 years (93.1% postmenopausal), attending three gynecology clinics at university hospitals completed a validated questionnaire and underwent pelvic examination. Results GSM was diagnosed in 87.6% of the women at the study visit, whereas only 16% of the overall sample had been previously diagnosed with the condition. Vaginal dryness (72.7%), vulvar burning sensation or itching (58.0%) and dyspareunia (52.7%) were the most prevalent symptoms. Pelvic signs consisted of vaginal dryness (89.1%), loss of vaginal rugae (80.6%) and vulvovaginal pallor (86.9%). However, only 31.3% of the participants had discussed genitourinary symptoms with their health-care professionals (HCPs). Regarding management, only 11.1% of women had prior experience with any form of therapy, and currently only 8.7% were receiving treatment. Conclusion GSM is highly prevalent in this Greek perimenopausal/postmenopausal population. Nevertheless, the majority of women remain undiagnosed and untreated. Education for both women and HCPs regarding GSM will lead to improved diagnosis and better management of this syndrome.