Abstract
Chivalry was a special phenomenon in the Middle Ages of Europe, and was also a part of the military system in the Middle Ages of Europe. Equites first came into military and civil posts signed by Augustus, and then the number of such posts multiplied in the course of time, and finally in the third century the Equites replaced senators in holding the highest responsibility. The chivalry of England made its infancy in the Anglo-Saxon period because of the rise of a series of wars. In the feudal relations, wars became the most important prerequisite for the existence of the relationship between knights and kings. If the feudal monarchies or feudal lords did not need knights for fighting, then the existence would lose its base. Knights’ spirit was composed of moral qualities, such as bravery, loyalty, generosity, and honor as its core, all of which should be complied with a knight. The knights’ spirit was virtually an aspect of the chivalry. The decline of chivalry had the extremely complex reasons, including military, economics, and religion and so on. Subsequently the rising urban aristocracy relied on the early capitalism economy and was superior to the feudal one. The decline of chivalry had a great influence upon modern Britain’s development, which included social structure, economic basis and political system. After the decline of chivalry, the former stratum of knighthood began to polarize. Gentry and the middle level emerged and then the social structure changed from two-tiered structure to three-tiered structure. Chivalry’s decline led to the commercialization of British agriculture and the trend of capitalism. With the vanishing of chivalry, nobility’s power was reduced and the Crown was enriched, and balance shifted.
Highlights
The development of chivalryTwo events contributed the formation of chivalry in France in 8th century. One was the war between England and Normans in 1066, by which feudalism was brought into England
The chivalry was a kind of military system, and its decline mainly was as a result of defeated militarily
After the Norman’s conquest, the chivalry in England was based on the establishment of a powerful monarchy, which made England the political path of development comparing with Europe's fragmented political structure
Summary
Two events contributed the formation of chivalry in France in 8th century. One was the war between England and Normans in 1066, by which feudalism was brought into England. Influenced by the War, the tournament, the court and the church, knights became brave, modest, polite and pious Those spirits of knights were written down into the literature, which later influenced reality. The Crown in England was restrained by the church and the aristocracy organizations, which reduced the hegemony of kings. By making this tradition continued, British had seldom tyrant and tyranny. Bankers and lawyers, who invested lands in the same way, shared the same interests with knights The chivalry got the feudal and capitalism economic factors at the same time, and the knights made a dual role in this transition stage
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