Abstract
The problem of the complex use of mineral raw materials is significant in the context of many industries. In the rare earth industry, in the context of limited traditional domestic reserves and dependence on imports of lanthanides, an unambiguous and comprehensive solution has not yet been developed. Promising areas include the involvement of technogenic raw materials in the industrial turnover. The present study examines the kinetics of the dissolution process of poorly soluble lanthanide compounds when changing the parameters of the system. The results obtained reflect the dependence of the degree of extraction of lanthanide on the following variable parameters of the system: temperature, concentration of the complexing agent, and intensity of mixing. On the basis of the experiment, the values of the activation energy and the reaction orders were calculated. The activation energy of the carbonate dissolution process, in kJ/mol, was as follows: 61.6 for cerium, 39.9 for neodymium, 45.4 for ytterbium. The apparent reaction orders of the carbonates are equal to one. The prospect of using the research results lies in the potential to create a mathematical model of the process of extracting a rare earth metal by the carbonate alkaline method.
Highlights
The need for the integrated processing of raw materials entails the principles of environmental law, in terms of both the rational use of resources and the protection of life and health
The valuesof were converted to ELn effect of the potassium weight loss duringon suspension, and on the◦ C, results complexonocarbonate solution thepreparation recovery rate of lanthanides at 20 with of thethe stirring rate of metric analysis of solution in presence of arsenazo (III)
Analysis of the kinetic parameters of the dissolution of lanthanide precipitates and the formation of carbonate complexes allows us to conclude on the complexity of the process
Summary
The need for the integrated processing of raw materials entails the principles of environmental law, in terms of both the rational use of resources and the protection of life and health. The high degree of automation and the development of new technologies requires an increasing number of economic and mineral resources, which, in turn, pollute the environment. The annual increase in the volume of human-made waste contributes to an increase in the cost of environmental measures for the disposal of sludge, their storage, and transportation. Rare earth metals are essential raw materials for developing industries. Methods of producing REM from traditional sources require considerable investment. The raw materials for producing REM can be minerals such as loparite, monacite, gadolinite, and pegmatite, etc. The direction of obtaining rare earth metals from technogenic raw materials is actively developing, including red mud, phosphogypsum, coal, and ash slag waste
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