Abstract

Abstract Research on the Vajrayāna ḍākinī has required diverse methods to untangle the gendered and nongendered interrelated meanings attributed to her. When in female form, she can be a visionary messenger, a Tantric meditational yidam (yi dam) deity, or a realized woman susceptible to orientalist and New Age interpretations. But she is also a nongendered emblem of embodied realization, employing the dynamic energy of the subtle body, the nature of mind, and unified symbol of enlightenment in the Tantric sense, considered a powerful influence in Tibetan spiritual culture. Reversing the quadruple androcentrism of Tibetan Buddhism, current research has uncovered the biographies, sādhanas, writings, and liturgies authored by and about ḍākinīs while employing them for new purposes of healing and regeneration in post-Mao Tibet.

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