The Kalyanamitra and the Client-Centered Psychotherapist

Abstract

The author presents an analysis of the similarities and differences between the role of a kalyanamitra (spiritual friend) in Vajrayana Tibetan Buddhism and the role of a psychotherapist in client-centered psychotherapy. The common ground between both traditions is explored by elucidating Buddhist perspectives on the three necessary and sufficient conditions of client-centered psychotherapy (congruence, positive regard, and empathic understanding). The differences are also discussed in terms of the directive nature of the mind/body techniques that are taught within the teacher-student relationship in Vajrayana. The author concludes with an integration of the general points of agreement concerning topics such as empathy, self-actualization, and self-deception.