The Joint Action of Some Broadleaf Herbicides on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Weeds and Photosynthetic Performance of Potato

Elham Samadi Kalkhoran,Jens Carl Streibig,Te-Ming Paul Tseng,Hamid Reza Mohammaddust Chamn Abad,Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim,Akbar Ghavidel

doi:10.3390/agriculture11111103

Elham Samadi Kalkhoran, Jens Carl Streibig + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111103

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Abstract

Herbicide mixtures are a modern weed management practice as they reduce herbicide application. This study aimes to evaluate the effect of metribuzin, halosulfuron and flumioxazin applied individually and as mixtures (metribuzin:halosulfuron and metribuzin:flumioxazin) on Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, and potatoes on biomass and chlorophyll-a fluorescence in 21 experiments. The individual herbicide experimental design was a randomized completely block design with seven doses and three replications. The factorial experiments were performed on the basis of randomized completely block design in three replications for binary mixture experiments. Flumioxazin was very potent in controlling C. album, A. retroflexus, and injured potatoes with a 50% effective dose (ED50) of 1.21, 0.54, and 12.23 g ai·ha−1, respectively. Both mixtures of metribuzin:halosulfuron and metribuzin:flumioxazin generally showed an antagonistic effect on both weeds and potato in 12 independent experiments. Metribuzin, halosulfuron, and flumioxazin significantly decreased photosystem II activity by decreasing the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm). The metribuzin:halosulfuron mixtures almost followed the Additive Dose Model for Fv/Fm, whilst there was an antagonistic effect for the metribuzin:flumioxazin that was closely related to biomass. The results indicated that mixtures were generally antagonistic, and the endpoint choice is pivotal when assessing the joint action of mixtures.

Highlights

In Iran, the most important weeds in potatoes are Amaranthus spp., Chenopodium album L., Portulaca oleracea L., Polygonum spp., Setaria spp., Echinochloa crus gali, Hordeum leporinum, and Lolium spp. [1]
Our present findings show that the ranking of ED50 for the three herbicides was metribuzin > halosulfuron > flumioxazin on C. album, A. retroflexus and potato biomass
The results demonstrated with increasing metribuzin, halosulfuron, and flumioxazin doses the Fv /Fm values decreased in potatoes

Summary

Introduction

In Iran, the most important weeds in potatoes are Amaranthus spp., Chenopodium album L., Portulaca oleracea L., Polygonum spp., Setaria spp., Echinochloa crus gali, Hordeum leporinum, and Lolium spp. [1]. In Iran, the most important weeds in potatoes are Amaranthus spp., Chenopodium album L., Portulaca oleracea L., Polygonum spp., Setaria spp., Echinochloa crus gali, Hordeum leporinum, and Lolium spp. The purpose of using herbicides is to prevent competition between with weeds and crops [2]. This relies on the fact that potato growers have few available herbicide options in Iran (i.e., metribuzin and paraquat) [3]. Metribuzin is one of the principal herbicides used to control mono and dicotyledonous weeds in potato crops [4]; but it does not provide season-long control. Previous studies demonstrated that halosulfuron pre-emergence at 110 g ha− 1 provided more than 95% control of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)

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