The irregularity of Avogadro’s hypothesis and determination of the gas constant value (R)

Abstract

Avogadro’s hypothesis, which in reality is used as a “basis” in determining/calculating various thermodynamic variables, and decreasing various derivative equations, is less understandable. Avogadro’s hypothesis is a “hypothesis”, not a “law” that has been widely and correctly proven both analytically and empirically. For this reason, this paper discusses the objections associated with the hypothesis, as well as alternative solutions to determine the gas constant value R (not the universal gas constant as obtained from Avogadro’shypothesis) which depends on the type of gas. These gas constants are obtained through a simple assumption, that is from the definition that 1 (one) mole of gas is a unit related to the number of gas molecules in a certain volume measured at STP conditions (pressure 1 atm, and temperature 25°C = 298°K). With this assumption, it is clear that the gas constant is unique, so it becomes the character of the gas (for gas type X is RX=VX/298 litters · mol−1 · atm · K−1).