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Abstract
The objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of rice bran oil (RBO) on hepatic fibrosis as a characteristic response to persistent liver injuries. Rats were randomly allocated into five groups: the negative control group, thioacetamide (TAA) group (thioacetamide 100 mg/kg thrice weekly for two successive weeks, ip), RBO 0.2 and 0.4 groups (RBO 0.2mL and 0.4 mL/rat/day, po) and standard group (silymarin 100 mg/kg/day, po) for two weeks after TAA injection. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for biochemical, molecular, and histological analyses. Liver functions, oxidative stress, inflammation, liver fibrosis markers were assessed. The obtained results showed that RBO reduced TAA-induced liver fibrosis and suppressed the extracellular matrix formation. Compared to the positive control group, RBO dramatically reduced total bilirubin, AST, and ALT blood levels. Furthermore, RBO reduced MDA and increased GSH contents in the liver. Simultaneously RBO downregulated the NF-κβ signaling pathway, which in turn inhibited the expression of some inflammatory mediators, including Cox-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α. RBO attenuated liver fibrosis by suppressing the biological effects of TGF-β1, α-SMA, collagen I, hydroxyproline, CTGF, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). RBO reduced liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and modulating the interplay among the TGF-β1 and FAK signal transduction. The greater dosage of 0.4 mL/kg has a more substantial impact. Hence, this investigation presents RBO as a promising antifibrotic agent in the TAA model through inhibition of TGF-β1 /FAK/α-SMA.
Highlights
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic process of repetitive liver injury, which eventually leads to cirrhosis and organ failure [1]
Fibrosis represents a hallmark of all chronic liver diseases; if left, it progresses to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and eventually death [4]
GC/MS analysis of rice bran oil consists of 10 compounds
Summary
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic process of repetitive liver injury, which eventually leads to cirrhosis and organ failure [1]. The anti-fibrotic impact of rice bran oil on liver fibrosis morbidity and mortality worldwide. The principal causative factors of liver fibrosis in developing countries are hepatitis C virus and/or parasitic infections, while in developed countries, the frequent causes are hepatitis B virus and excessive alcohol consumption [2]. Fibrosis represents a hallmark of all chronic liver diseases; if left, it progresses to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and eventually death [4]. Progressive liver fibrosis represents significant risk factor for developing liver-related complications and mortality [5]
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