Abstract
The involvement of peripheral nerve terminations in the mechanisms of action of electromagnetic millimeter waves (mmW) was assessed. It is currently thought that mmW could be used in noninvasive complementary therapy because of their analgesic effect. However, the mechanisms of their antinociceptive effect and non-ionizing radiation are the subjects of controversy. The mechanisms of interaction of mmW and the cutaneous tissue have not been elucidated. We observed mast cell degranulation at the place of mmW action, a decrease of chronaxie and Turck reflex time, an increase in the number of afferent impulses after sciatic nerve at stimulation, as well as an increase electrocardiogram R-R interval of isolated frog heart after application of mmW. Based on these investigations, we propose that electromagnetic waves of millimeter length modify, through indirect mechanisms, the excitability and reactivity of peripheral nerve terminations.
Highlights
As we have previously reported (Anton et al, 2013), millimeter waves could be used in noninvasive complementary therapy because of their analgesic effect, the mechanisms of their effects are controversial (Usichenko et al, 2006)
The results of determining excitability of the nociceptors (Table 1) showed that the average values of the rheobase before and after irradiation do not essentially differ from the average values of the initial and final rheobase of the placebo effect. This phenomenon is probably caused by the fact that the millimeter waves (mmW) irradiation exposure time (15 min) is essentially shorter compared to that applied during treatment
Because mast cells are located at the periphery in the region of the peripheral nerve terminations, removal of the biologically active substances as a consequence of degranulation, mainly histamine, acts in a paracrine manner on the peripheral receptors by increasing their sensitivity
Summary
As we have previously reported (Anton et al, 2013), millimeter waves could be used in noninvasive complementary therapy because of their analgesic effect, the mechanisms of their effects are controversial (Usichenko et al, 2006). The many assumptions regarding electromagnetic wave interactions in the millimeter range (mmW) generated within biological tissues, and the presence of intracellular mmW generators, are due to the current absence of direct methods for the determination of these waves. The therapeutic effects of mmW radiation are based on these assumptions. In the plasma membrane of living cells, mmW transform in electroacoustic oscillations that are maintained (on account of cellular metabolism) analogous to a super high frequency (SHF) generator (Devyadkov et al, 1994). Another hypothesis highlights the resonance generated in biological structures by mmW; the model of resonant reception of the protein molecules in living organisms, in response to the external action of electromagnetic waves (Sitko et al, 1994). Based on the probability of mmW autonomous generating in the cells and their possible relevance in the inter- and intracellular informing, external ir-
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