Abstract
Temperature change trend has been rising in recent years and these changes in areas such as Iran which is located on arid and semi arid belt of world is more impressive. In this research heat waves with different continuations have been studied for Tehran metropolis in a 5 years period (2010-2015). Statistical data of mean daily temperature of synoptic stations of Tehran in the summer were selected and then a few continuing days temperature that were higher temperature trend than mean temperatures of before and after days defined as a heat wave that had continuation of 3 to 6 days. After extraction the days with heat wave, synoptic maps of geo potential and humidity, as well as indexes, charts Skew T of days for governing phenomenon were provided. The results showed that most of the heat wave phenomena have happened in July. In the terms of synoptic view, the occurrence time of this phenomenon in most cases has been when high pressure subtropical prevailed and has higher elevations than its mean long-term and has created a stable atmosphere for the Tehran metropolitan. On the other hand tabs of moisture have entered below the surface of the high-pressure to atmosphere of region has been caused the temperature increase and intensify it. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3s2p216
Highlights
Today in the issue of global climate change, the most important issue, is the issue of increasing the Earth's temperature
The Prediction of an increase to 2.75 degrees Celsius of temperature in regional scale for north east of Iran and Khorasan province is indicative of the temperature rise in regional scale (Alizade and kamali, 2002)
Warm season data in this city which includes the months of june, july, august and september were extracted and continuous days with increasing trend and compared to the mean of before and after days have great changes have been selected as the heat wave, in the Excel software, frequency graph of occurrence of heat waves for all the months was plotted followed by geopotential maps of 500hp level and special moisture maps or for the 850hp level using the software GRADS that was prepared for the given days and its results were interpreted
Summary
Today in the issue of global climate change, the most important issue, is the issue of increasing the Earth's temperature. Intense heat waves, is considered as a climate risk, but its expansion is slow, unlike the Storms In this field many research have been conducted, including the study of Xiao and colleagues in 2003 that have shown the increase in the minimum temperature in East Asia. Pascal in Ireland in 2011 in relation to the heat waves and human health conducted a research that during the period of 22 years of this study approximately 254 people died as a result of the heat wave and it was showed that the percentage of rural residents and the suburbs vulnerability relative to the center of the city has been much less. In terms of synoptic studies it can be referred to Rusticucci study He conducted surveys about the heat wave in Argentina in March 1980 and showed that the continuation of an anti-cyclone extension at all levels of the troposphere has been the main cause of rising temperatures. Since the heat waves causes extensive damage to agriculture and human health and reduce comfort climate of human in metropolises like Tehran, the aim of this study id to determine the temperature trend in Tehran metropolis that has been performed using a statistical index called the heat wave and by evaluating the synoptic conditions governing it we can predict the occurrence of this event because the most important way to prevent deaths from dangerous climate phenomena is prediction of them
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