Abstract
In this study, the synchronisation characteristics of mothers and their 3-year-old children living in extended and nuclear family types were examined in a semi-structured play process. In this study, grounded multi-case research, which is a type of case study, was used. The participants of the study consisted of 12 mothers and their 3-year-old children, 6 of them are from an extended family type and 6 of them are from a nuclear family type. Observational and interview techniques were used to describe the interactions of the studied group in detail. As a result, interactional synchrony behaviors were very limited in all mother–child couples in the extended and also nuclear families. However, it was observed that the eye contact of mothers was inadequate.
 Keywords: Interactional synchrony, parents, social interaction, family, attachment.
Highlights
Scientists who formed the theoretical framework of attachment had strongly incorporated maternal sensitivity in the cues sent by the baby in developing a secure infant–mother attachment relationship (Bowlby, 1969). Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters and Wall (1978) developed various scales to assess attachment and maternal sensitivity
We aim to examine the interactional synchrony characteristics of mothers and their 3year-old children living in extended and nuclear family types within a semi-structured play process
The frequency of positive and positive behaviours differed slightly according to family types
Summary
Scientists who formed the theoretical framework of attachment had strongly incorporated maternal sensitivity in the cues sent by the baby in developing a secure infant–mother attachment relationship (Bowlby, 1969). Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters and Wall (1978) developed various scales to assess attachment and maternal sensitivity. Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters and Wall (1978) developed various scales to assess attachment and maternal sensitivity. As a result of the studies conducted with these scales, it was found that the sensitivity history of the mother was related to the quality of attachment (Smith & Pederson, 1988). De Wolff and van IJzendoorn (1997) found that maternal sensitivity was an important variable for secure attachment, as a result of a meta-analysis study which contained 66 studies with certain measurement tools. Atkinson et al (2000) conducted a meta-analysis from 1970 to 2000, with 41 studies examining the relationship between maternal sensitivity and attachment. According to the results of the meta-analysis, maternal sensitivity affects the quality of attachment
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