Abstract
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based simulation using a finite volume code for a full-appendage DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) SUBOFF model was investigated with a sliding mesh model in a multi-zone fluid domain. Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations were coupled with a Menter’s shear stress transport (SST) k-ω turbulence closure based on the Boussinesq approximation. In order to simulate unsteady motions and capture unsteady interactions, the sliding mesh model was employed to simulate flows in the fluid domain that contains multiple moving zones. The pressure-based solver, semi-implicit method for the pressure linked equations-consistent (SIMPLEC) algorithm was employed for incompressible flows based on the predictor-corrector approach in a segregated manner. After the grid independence test, the numerical simulation was validated by comparison with the published experimental data and other numerical results. In this study, the capability of the CFD simulation with the sliding mesh model was well demonstrated to conduct the straight-line towing tests by analyzing hydrodynamic characteristics, viz. resistance, vorticity, frictional coefficients, and pressure coefficients.
Highlights
The relationship between the configuration of a submerged body and fluid friction has been determined by model analysis and ship model resistance tests
The induction from experiments revealed that when this additional object was placed away from the main body’s maximum diameter, the interference was minimized; by contrast, when this object was placed on the maximum diameter of the main body, the interference was maximized
For the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) SUBOFF model, the appendages would cause a mean increase of about 16% in the total resistance Shariati and Mousavizadegan [4]
Summary
The relationship between the configuration of a submerged body and fluid friction has been determined by model analysis and ship model resistance tests. To mitigate the influence of appendages on the resistance of a submerged body, Gorski and Coleman [10] used the CFD method and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations to conduct the simulation and optimal design of sail shape. These results were consistent with those obtained from wind tunnel and tank experiments. Et al [11] compared simulations of a DARPA SUBOFF model for two configurations, i.e., one bare hull and one fully appended hull, under different inflow angles by investigating different turbulence models with a RANS approach Their simulated results were not realized in the flow conditions of higher Reynolds numbers.
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