Abstract
Both superpowers believe that an increase in the number of nations (or sub-national groups) possessing nuclear weapons would threaten their control over ‘world order’. The acquisition of nuclear weapons, in particular by countries over which they have little influence, in areas which are considered unstable, or whose leaders are perceived as irrational, is therefore seen by both superpowers to be against their global interests.1 Consequently, the United States and the Soviet Union have taken the lead, sometimes in cooperation, in promoting measures to discourage or prevent further ‘horizontal’ proliferation of nuclear weapons.
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