Abstract
Wearing clothes and using sun protection products are effective ways of preventing non-melanocytic skin cancer. Sun protection products are classified as cosmetics in Europe. The number of filters authorized by Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 amended by Regulation (EU) No 344/2013 stands at a total of 27 (26 organic filters and one inorganic filter-titanium dioxide). After the development of methods for determining the efficacy of sun protection products (both in vivo and in vitro), a certain number of authors took an interest in the parameters involved in the efficacy of this category of products. The nature of the filter, the concentration used and the influence of certain ingredients in the formula are all criteria to be taken into account. Concerning titanium dioxide, considerable progress has been made in order to increase its efficacy and to facilitate its implementation. The reduction of the size of the particles used has allowed the products to be more transparent (the pale clown’s mask of days passed is just a bad memory) and above all, to be more effective. The study of a large number of commercial forms of titanium dioxide enables to conclude that nanoparticular titanium dioxide is far superior to pigmentary titanium dioxide. An emulsion composed of 25% pigmentary titanium dioxide only enables Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 5 to be obtained. The same emulsion but with 25% coated nanoparticular titanium dioxide (Tayca MT-100TV) enables a Sun Protection Factor of around 40 to be reached. The reduction of the size of the filtering particles thus proves to be indispensable for the development of highly protective sun protection products.
Highlights
The incidence of skin cancer has increased over the past decades and according to the WorldHealth Organization (WHO), two to three million new cases of non-melanocytic skin cancer and132,000 cases of melanomas are reported every year in the world
Paul Gerson Unna clearly stated that the sun was the cause of degenerative lesions on the skin of sailors who were chronically exposed to ultraviolet radiation [2]
Considering that it is quite difficult to incorporate more than 15% of nano-particle titanium dioxide in an emulsion, it clearly appears that a sun protection products (SPP), which only has this product, cannot provide an Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 30 or higher
Summary
The incidence of skin cancer has increased over the past decades and according to the World. Paul Gerson Unna clearly stated that the sun was the cause of degenerative lesions on the skin of sailors who were chronically exposed to ultraviolet radiation [2] It was the American dermatologist James Nevins Hyde who established the same fact. Tanning can be seen both as an aesthetic asset and as the visible sign of cell damage This exposure to the sun is not necessarily linked to leisure activities; it must be remembered that a great number of people (gardeners, farmers, builders, sailors, etc.) all work outside, which means that they are chronically exposed to ultraviolet rays. Even in the case of subjects who apply their SPP with care, it is observed that certain areas of the skin are less well protected, due to the fact that it is difficult to systematically obtain a uniform film of product on the whole of the body’s surface. The size of the particles is in the region of 100 nm
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