THE INTERACTION OF THE UKRAINIAN MILITARY FORMS WITH THE TOWN COMMUNITIES OF VOLYN AND KYIV REGIONS DURING THE UPR DIRECTORATE

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to show, on the basis of the available scientific literature, archival sources, and materials of the periodical press of the time, the difficult relations (changed from fruitful cooperation to conflicts and sometimes even to brutal pogroms) between the Ukrainian People's Army and UHA, on the one hand, and the Ukrainian and Jewish communities of the towns of Volyn and Kyiv provinces, on the other. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism, comprehensiveness, objectivity, multifactoriality, and systematicity. An essential component of the methodology has become the use of various methods of material analysis – historical, problem-chronological, historical-genetic, and historical-typological. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the systematic coverage of important areas of cooperation between the UPR army and residents of Volyn and Kyiv towns during mobilization campaigns and the organization of material and moral support for Ukrainian soldiers. Conclusions. The relations between the Ukrainian People’s Army, UHA, on the one hand, and the national communities of the towns of Volyn and Kyiv provinces during the days of the UPR Directory, on the other, were ambiguous. First, the townspeople, mostly Ukrainians, were mostly the object and, to a lesser extent, the subject of the mobilization measures of the Ukrainian authorities, replenishing military formations, taking an active part in the protection of the state interests of the Ukrainian People's Republic, providing tangible material support to the Ukrainian People’s Army, supported the army in many ways when it conducted offensive or defensive operations against the Red Army. To a lesser extent, this applied to UHA. Secondly, in a number of urban settlements, there were facts that prevented the normal cooperation of communities and Ukrainian units (illegal military requisitions, contributions, looting, interference in the work of local self-government bodies, etc., conflicts between Jewish communities and the Ukrainian military, which ended in shameful pogroms).