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Abstract
The mechanism of the formation of the hydrophobic agglomerate in fine scheelite flotation was studied using zeta potential measurement, contact angle measurement, optical microscope measurement, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) colloid probe technology. Zeta potential measurement results confirmed the adsorption of sodium oleate on scheelite, fluorite, and calcite surface and surface potential difference at different pH values of ultrapure water. Contact angle measurement results confirmed the surface of nature scheelite, fluorite, and calcite was hydrophilic, and the surface after thread by sodium oleate solution was hydrophobic. The optical microscope measurement results confirmed the agglomerates could really form in ultrapure water of pH 8 or 10 and in 1 mM sodium oleate solution of pH 10. The agglomerations were empty and not tight in ultrapure water. On the contrary, the hydrophobic agglomerations were larger and denser after treated with sodium oleate solution than that of in ultrapure water. According to the AFM experiment results, the interaction forces on hydrophilic scheelite-scheelite and scheelite-fluorite were repulsive at pH 5.6 and attractive at pH 8 or 10. However, the interaction forces on hydrophilic scheelite-calcite were attractive at pH 5.6, 8 or 10. The interaction forces on hydrophobic scheelite-scheelite, scheelite-fluorite, and scheelite-calcite were attractive strongly due to the existence of hydrophobic force. The measurement results of the interaction forces were in good agreement with the changes of zeta potential and contact angle at different conditions. The combined results could be beneficial to understand the interaction force in fine scheelite flotation.
Highlights
Froth flotation has been considered as one of the most widely used methods for the separation of minerals [1]
Hydrophobic aggregation flotation is a typical process in fine scheelite flotation. e interaction forces on scheelitescheelite, scheelite-fluorite, and scheelite-calcite in ultrapure water and sodium oleate solution were examined by using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) colloid probe technique. e corresponding optical microscope measurements, zeta potential measurements, and contact angle measurements were carried out to verify the AFM results in this paper
(1) e surface of natural scheelite, fluorite, and calcite was hydrophilic according to contact angle measurements results.A strong hydration force existedin the interaction force curves on hydrophilic scheelite-scheelite and scheelite-fluorite in ultrapure water. e results implied that on scheelite-scheelite, scheelitefluorite particles were dispersed in scheelite flotation
Summary
Froth flotation has been considered as one of the most widely used methods for the separation of minerals [1]. It is the most efficient when the mineral particle sizes are between 10 μm and 100 μm. In the grinding process of scheelite, a large number of fine slimes can be produced, which seriously affects the flotation efficiency of scheelite [1]; this is because many calcium-bearing minerals (fluorite and calcite) exhibit similar surface properties to scheelite. Ere exists strong correlation among the flotation rate, pulp rheology, froth, and floc morphology in the cleaning flotation, so the Journal of Chemistry formation of aggregates is very important for fine scheelite flotation Flotation agents can improve effectively the separation effect of calcium-bearing minerals in flotation processing. e Pb-BHA complexes were used in flotation separate scheelite from fluorite and calcite [9, 10], increasing the recovery of scheelite. e rheological control of the flotation pulp by using garnet makes a significant improvement in fine scheelite flotation [11]. ere exists strong correlation among the flotation rate, pulp rheology, froth, and floc morphology in the cleaning flotation, so the Journal of Chemistry formation of aggregates is very important for fine scheelite flotation
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