Abstract
The paper investigates the second-order interactions of parameters in an alkali-activated mixture of paper production waste (PPW) and blast furnace slag (BFS) in Taguchi method. The PPW including lime mud (LM) and paper sludge (PS). This paper provides the experimental models to assess the compressive and flexural strength of them at 7-day and 28-day. The results have shown that the second-order interactions between PPW and alkali-activated activator exists in each experimental model, and the significant interactions affect the selection of optimal compositions. Compared with the interactions between the PPW themselves, the interactions between PPW and alkali-activated parameters are the main significant factors affecting its physical properties. In each experimental model, the maximum compressive strength was 47.41 MPa in 7-day and 65.64 MPa in 28-day. Compared with the confirmatory experiments, the deviation of prediction calculated by experimental models was 3.08% and 0.56%, respectively. The maximum flexural strength was 5.74 MPa in 7-day and 5.96 MPa in 28-day; compared with the confirmatory experiments, the deviation of prediction calculated by experimental models was 5.40% and 0.17%. Considering the influence of circular materials, 30% of PPW should be a suitable ratio to replace BFS as the raw material of alkali-activated slag (AAS).
Highlights
As the globalization accelerates, sources exhaustion, environmental pollution, and climate warming have become challenges to all countries and industries, which has to be faced and tackled together
3.1.1 The Experimental Mode of Compressive Strength From Table 6, with the significance factors selected by P-value < 0.01 (Prob > F), excess significant factors exist in the experimental models of compressive strength at 7 and 28 day
This paper has investigated the second-order interactions of parameters in an alkali-activated mixture of paper production waste (PPW) and blast furnace slag (BFS)
Summary
Sources exhaustion, environmental pollution, and climate warming have become challenges to all countries and industries, which has to be faced and tackled together. As far as the paper industry is concerned, the volume of worldwide paper production in 2018 was nearly 420 million tons [1], while 0.3–0.5 tons of waste was generated from producing 1 ton of paper [2]. The paper production waste (PPW) includes solid waste represented by lime mud (LM) and paper sludge (PS) [3,4]. PPW is always buried or incinerated [4,9] and this causes water, soil and air pollution [10,11,12]. Finding a recycling method has become an urgent problem in the paper industry [13,14]. Considering that PPW’s potential could be used as building materials [15], replacing traditional building materials with PPW could be a reasonable way for the reuse
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