Abstract
Much has been written about racial issues in sport but little about the integration of high school contests. This article provides a narrative history of the integration of Texas high school athletic and academic contests. Texas is an appropriate area for study because it was part of the Confederacy and had very strict Jim Crow laws. Texas fiercely resisted integration, evidenced by years of continued segregation after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1954 that segregation in public schools violated the Fourteenth Amendment. Significant integration in the Texas public high school system did not take place until 1967. As this article shows, in the years prior to the Supreme Court's ruling in 1954, Texas high school competitions were strictly segregated. Texas virtually ignored the integration movement from 1955 to 1963, although some integration did take place. Then, from 1964 to 1969, a series of bureaucratic proceedings eventually led to statewide integration in 1969.
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