Abstract
Technological development, particularly the development of signal processing, has contributed to the improvement of the quality of results in the analysis of the characteristics of hydrocarbon reservoirs. This scientific advance is especially marked by the introduction of seismic attributes in the characterization of reservoirs. This paper is aimed at evaluating the contribution of seismic attributes in the lithological characterization of hydrocarbon accumulation zones. Thus, it has been found that instantaneous attributes make it possible to highlight the different properties of reservoir rocks. Techniques for extracting three-dimensional volume attributes have been applied to a 3D seismic data volume of the F3 block in the Dutch sector of the North Sea. The purpose of using these volume attributes is to extract signal characteristics from lithofacies in hydrocarbon zones. The results provide a remarkable contribution to instantaneous seismic attributes in reservoir location, hydrocarbon detection, and reservoir lithological prediction. The instantaneous amplitude, the derivative of amplitude 1, the factor Q, the energy and the Hilbert transform are attributes which highlight the presence of hydrocarbons through the bright spots. Thus, curvature, similarity, dip, and coherence are useful in the determination of traps such as faults and anticlines. The crossing of the instantaneous amplitude and the instantaneous frequency makes it possible to analyze the lithofacies. In the same way, the analysis of the crossed diagrams between the porosity and the instantaneous amplitude made it possible to define the different layers of the reservoir.
Highlights
A seismic attribute is a quantitative measure of a seismic characteristic of interest [1]
The selection of attributes made it possible to make a lithological analysis of the hydrocarbon reservoirs
The results obtained are divided into three groups which are the identification of the hydrocarbon accumulation zones, the delimitation of the reservoirs through the hydrocarbon traps and the lithological analysis of the layers constituting the reservoirs
Summary
A seismic attribute is a quantitative measure of a seismic characteristic of interest [1]. Seismic attributes are data or information obtained from seismic data, either by direct measurements, or by logical or experience-based reasoning [2]. Effective seismic attributes can lead to better geological or geophysical interpretation of the data and provide a better understanding of the geometry and physical properties of the subsoil. We distinguish between wavelet attributes and instantaneous attributes. In his works, [5] evoked the existence of sixteen (16) instantaneous attributes. These attributes each have a particularity in the analysis of the properties of the subsoil
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