The intake of high fat diet with different trans fatty acid levels differentially induces oxidative stress and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats.

Madiha Dhibi,Zohra Houas,Mohammed A Alsaif,Faten Brahmi,Mohamed Hammami,Amira Mnari,Linda Bchir,Noureddine Gazzah,Issam Chargui

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-65

Madiha Dhibi, Zohra Houas + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-8-65

Copy DOI

Abstract

BackgroundTrans-fatty acids (TFA) are known as a risk factor for coronary artery diseases, insulin resistance and obesity accompanied by systemic inflammation, the features of metabolic syndrome. Little is known about the effects on the liver induced by lipids and also few studies are focused on the effect of foods rich in TFAs on hepatic functions and oxidative stress. This study investigates whether high-fat diets with different TFA levels induce oxidative stress and liver dysfunction in rats.MethodsMale Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups (n = 12/group): C receiving standard-chow; Experimental groups that were fed high-fat diet included 20% fresh soybean oil diet (FSO), 20% oxidized soybean oil diet (OSO) and 20% margarine diet (MG). Each group was kept on the treatment for 4 weeks.ResultsA liver damage was observed in rats fed with high-fat diet via increase of liver lipid peroxidation and decreased hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). The intake of oxidized oil led to higher levels of lipid peroxidation and a lower concentration of plasma antioxidants in comparison to rats fed with FSO. The higher inflammatory response in the liver was induced by MG diet. Liver histopathology from OSO and MG groups showed respectively moderate to severe cytoplasm vacuolation, hypatocyte hypertrophy, hepatocyte ballooning, and necroinflammation.ConclusionIt seems that a strong relationship exists between the consumption of TFA in the oxidized oils and lipid peroxidation and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The extent of the peroxidative events in liver was also different depending on the fat source suggesting that feeding margarine with higher TFA levels may represent a direct source of oxidative stress for the organism. The present study provides evidence for a direct effect of TFA on NAFLD.

Highlights

Trans-fatty acids (TFA) are known as a risk factor for coronary artery diseases, insulin resistance and obesity accompanied by systemic inflammation, the features of metabolic syndrome
It is very important to assess the oxidative degradation of fats and oils, because free-radical initiated oxidation is one of the main causes of rancidity in fats and oils, which results in the alteration of major quality control variables such as color, flavor, aroma and nutritional value [36]
The thermally oxidized soybean oil (OSO) samples composition were different from the fresh soybean oil (FSO) with a high peroxide, Table 1 Mean values of fatty acid composition (%), lipid peroxidation parameters and antiradical properties of highfat diet

Summary

Introduction

Trans-fatty acids (TFA) are known as a risk factor for coronary artery diseases, insulin resistance and obesity accompanied by systemic inflammation, the features of metabolic syndrome. The intermittent use of reprocessed thermoxidised oil is to trans configuration In their natural form, most fatty acids present only cis-isomerism [5]. TFAs are postulated to be involved in promoting vascular dysfunction, as reflected by a reduction in brachial artery flow [16] These observations suggest that TFAs are linked to the development of CVD, probably via a vascular pro-inflammatory response [17]. Oxidative stress is believed to be an important factor in the development of non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [20,22]. The disease is characterized by the accumulation of triacylglycerols inside liver cells, and the condition can progress into more serious liver disease, such as non alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and more rarely, liver carcinoma [23]

Methods

Results

Conclusion