Abstract
The linking of fat consumption to cholesterol and heart disease (the cholesterol theory) is a good example of institutionalisation. It is also the story of researchers struggling to prove the benefit of one theory over others at a time when several theories of causes of coronary heart disease competed for legitimacy. In the United States, after the Second World War, the alarming increase of cases of coronary heart diseases, and early promising research, allowed the new cholesterol theory to readily gain public acceptance. However, 60 years later subsequent studies, that question the initial hypothesis, appear to have started a deinstitutionalisation of the cholesterol theory. This paper examines institutionalisation and deinstitutionalisation through the example of the cholesterol theory.
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