Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the biological effects of methanolic, acetone and petroleum ether leaves extract of Artemisia absinthium against the 1st instar larvae of Chrysomya albiceps. All extracts have toxicity against the larvae of C. albiceps. The larvicidal, pupicidal and adulticidal activity of these extracts was varied depending on the solvent used in the extraction and the dose of the extract. Complete larval mortality percent (100%) was caused only by the petroleum ether extract of at 0.4g/ml with (Lc50 0.11 g/ml). Methanol and acetone extract had delayed toxic effects on pupae resulted from treated larvae. The toxicity of all plant extracts was extended to the adults that resulted from the treated larvae. Larval and pupal duration showed a significant increase. The growth index for treated larvae and resulted pupae was greatly affected by methanol and acetone extract. The highest retardation in growth was recorded at the highest concentration of 0.4g/ml by acetone leaves extract (2.2 vs. 8.4 for control).
Highlights
A number of Diptera species have veterinary and medical importance, as they cause myiasis and act as vectors for some bacterial, protozoans, helminth eggs pathogens
Toxic Effects of Methanolic, Acetone and Petroleum Ether Extract: Data given in table (2) indicated the biological activity of methanolic, acetone and petroleum ether extracts of A. absinthium against the 1st instar larvae of C. albiceps
The Insecticidal Activity of Artemisia absinthium leavesExtracts Against Blowfly123 compounds on target species depending on the plant part from which they are extracted
Summary
A number of Diptera species have veterinary and medical importance, as they cause myiasis and act as vectors for some bacterial, protozoans, helminth eggs pathogens. The main reason for the economic loss of livestock farmers in the world is due to the worldwide dominant fly species Chrysomya bezziana and Chrysomya albiceps which cause coetaneous myiasis in the tropical regions all over the world. These fliesare known for producing myiasis in humans and animals and transmitting pathogens mechanically (Reigada and Godoy 2005; Marinho et al, 2006; Al-Ghamdiet al., 2015). The fly pest C. albicepsspread throughout Southeast Asia, India, Africa and Arabian Peninsula (Norris and Murray 1964; Spradbery and Kirk 1992) It had been reported in Jeddah, (Al-Shareef 2016), North, center, east, south of KSA (Setyaningrum and Al Dhafer 2014). Wohlfahrtia nuba (Wied), C. albicepsand C. bezzianaare the major species responsible for inducing coetaneous myiasis in KSA (Badawi 1994 and Alahmed, 2001)
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