Abstract
Retroviruses such as Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) need to enter the nucleus to integrate their genomic information into the host cell chromosome. Previous studies established that RSV could replicate only in dividing cells, as mitosis was necessary to break down the nuclear membrane and for chromosomal access. However, two recent studies now challenge that belief. The infectivity of RSV on cells that were growth arrested at the G1–S phase of the cell cycle has been quantified previously. RSV exhibits an infectivity level that is intermediate between HIV-1, a lentivirus that efficiently replicates in both dividing and non-dividing cells, and murine leukemia virus (MLV), a retrovirus that shows little or no infectivity in non-dividing cells. This intermediate phenotype is also observed when the level of 2-LTR circles was quantified – a measure of nuclear entry of viral DNA.
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