The Innate Immune DNA Sensing cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway Mediates Anti-PRRSV Function.

Yulin Xu,Jianzhong Zhu,Nanhua Chen,Jiajia Zhang,Xueliang Liu,Wanglong Zheng,Youwen Zhang,Sen Jiang,Shaohua Sun,Qi Cao,Jia Luo,François Meurens,Qi Shao

doi:10.3390/v13091829

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) modulates host innate immunity which plays a key role against PRRSV infection. As a RNA virus, PRRSV is mainly sensed by innate immune RNA receptors, whereas the role of innate immune DNA sensors in the PRRSV infection has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the roles of DNA sensing cGAS-STING pathway in both PRRSV infected Marc-145 cells and porcine macrophages. The results show that in Marc-145 cells, the stable expression of STING with or without stimulations exhibited anti-PRRSV activity, and STING knockout heightened PRRSV infection. In CD163-3D4/21 porcine macrophages, either expression of STING or stimulation of cGAS-STING signaling obviously suppressed PRRSV infection, whereas in STING knockdown macrophages, the PRRSV infection was upregulated. Our results clearly demonstrate that the host cGAS-STING signal exerts an important antiviral role in PRRSV infection.

Highlights

Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225009, China
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is grouped into two species PRRSV1 and PRRSV2 based on the genomic genetic differences [5]
The PRRSV strain used in this study was highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV XJ17-5 (GenBank ID: MK759853.1), which was isolated from Xinjiang Province, China, being the representative strain of HPPRRSV2 predominant in Chinese swine herds [28]

Summary

Introduction

Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225009, China. We investigated the roles of DNA sensing cGAS-STING pathway in both PRRSV infected Marc-145 cells and porcine macrophages. Our results clearly demonstrate that the host cGAS-STING signal exerts an important antiviral role in PRRSV infection. 1. Introduction with regard to jurisdictional claims in Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has emerged and evolved for almost three decades, representing one of the most widespread and important swine diseases [1]. Introduction with regard to jurisdictional claims in Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has emerged and evolved for almost three decades, representing one of the most widespread and important swine diseases [1] It is characterized by respiratory symptoms in piglets and abortion, reproductive failure, fetal death, and congenital infections in pregnant sows [2]. PRRSV is grouped into two species PRRSV1 and PRRSV2 based on the genomic genetic differences [5]

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Results

Conclusion