Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a real social problem, with an upward trend worldwide. The most frequent consequence of a traumatic brain injury is extra-axial hemorrhage, i.e., an acute subdural (SDH) and epidural hematoma (EDH). Most of the factors affecting the prognosis have been analyzed on a wide group of traumatic brain injuries. Nonetheless, there are few studies analyzing factors influencing the prognosis regarding patients undergoing surgery due to acute subdural and epidural hematoma. The aim of this study was to identify the factors which have the strongest prognostic value in relation to the 6-month outcome of the patients undergoing surgery for SDH and EDH. Patients and methods: The study included a group of 128 patients with isolated craniocerebral injuries. Twenty eight patients were operated upon due to EDH, and a group of 100 patients were operated upon due to SDH. The following factors from the groups were analyzed: demographic data, physiological factors, laboratory factors, computed tomography scan characteristics, and time between the trauma and the surgery. All of these factors were correlated in a multivariate analysis with the six-month outcome in the Glasgow outcome scale. Results: The factors with the strongest prognostic value are GCS score, respiration rate, saturation, glycaemia and systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Initial GCS score, respiratory rate, saturation, glycaemia and systolic blood pressure were the factors with the strongest prognostic value.
Highlights
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a real social problem, with an upward trend worldwide
Most of the studies were conducted on patients with a traumatic brain injury, and only a few of them studied a select group of patients operated upon due to extra-axial hematomas
We were unable to find a study which would collectively analyze all of the factors which we examined in one work regarding the patients operated upon due to epidural and subdural hematomas
Summary
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a real social problem, with an upward trend worldwide. The most frequent consequence of a traumatic brain injury is extra-axial hemorrhage, i.e., an acute subdural (SDH) and epidural hematoma (EDH). There are few studies analyzing factors influencing the prognosis regarding patients undergoing surgery due to acute subdural and epidural hematoma. The following factors from the groups were analyzed: demographic data, physiological factors, laboratory factors, computed tomography scan characteristics, and time between the trauma and the surgery. All of these factors were correlated in a multivariate analysis with the six-month outcome in the Glasgow outcome scale. The most frequent consequence of TBI is extra-axial hemorrhage, an acute subdural and epidural hematoma which usually requires a surgical treatment.
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