The initial experience of 4.5/6.5 Fr ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy under topical intraurethral anesthesia supplemented by preoperative and intraoperative medications.

Abstract

To assess the safety and effectiveness of the 4.5/6.5Fr ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy (URSL) under topical intraurethral anesthesia (TIUA) compared to spinal anesthesia (SA). A retrospective study was conducted on 47 (TIUA: SA = 23:24) patients receiving 4.5/6.5Fr URSL from July 2022 to September 2022. For the TIUA group, atropine, pethidine, and phloroglucinol were used apart from lidocaine. In the SA group, patients received lidocaine and bupivacaine. We compare the two groups including stone-free rate (SFR), procedure time, anesthesia time, overall operative time, hospital stay, anesthesia failure, intraoperative pain, need for additional analgesia, cost, and complications. The conversion rate in the TIUA group was 4.35% (1/23). SFR was 100% in both groups. Surgical waiting time and anesthesia time were longer in the SA group (P < 0.001). There were no statistical differences in operational time and intraoperative pain. Patients developed grade 0-1 ureteral injuries. Post-surgical time out of bed was noticeably faster in the TIUA group (P < 0.001). The post-operative complication rate including vomiting and back pain was lower in the TIUA group (P = 0.005). TIUA had an equal surgical success rate and controlled patients' intraoperative pain as SA. It was superior in terms of TIUA's patient admission, waiting time for surgery, anesthesia time, post-operative time out of bed, low complications, and costs, especially for females.