Abstract
Background Many attempts have been made to inhibit the formation of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions, but the results have been discouraging. Therefore, the identification of effective preventative measures or treatments is of great importance. In this study, the substantial potential of naringin (NG) to reduce peritoneal adhesions was validated in a rat model. Materials and Methods A rat peritoneal adhesion model was established by abrasion of the cecum and its opposite intraperitoneal region under aseptic surgical conditions. After the operation, three groups of NG-treated rats were given 2 mL of NG by gavage at different concentrations (40, 60, or 80 mg/kg/d). The sham, control, and hyaluronan (HA) groups were given equal volumes of normal saline daily. On the 8th day, all rats were sacrificed 30 min after the administration of an activated carbon solution (10 mL/kg) by oral gavage. Intraperitoneal adhesion formation was adequately evaluated by necropsy, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Sirius red staining, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) probes. The gastrointestinal dynamics of the rats were assessed on the basis of a small intestinal charcoal powder propulsion test and the detection of motilin and gastrin levels in serum. Results Intraperitoneal adhesions were markedly reduced in the group of rats receiving high-dose NG. Compared with the control group, the high-dose NG group showed clear reductions in inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation in the adhesion tissue and enhanced gastrointestinal dynamics (P < 0.05). Conclusion NG alleviated the severity of intraperitoneal adhesions in a rat model by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation, highlighting the potential of NG as a drug candidate to prevent postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation.
Highlights
Postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion is a commonplace with high incidence rate, which could lead to severe complications, such as abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, and intestinal necrosis, and threaten the postoperative recovery and long-term health of patients [1, 2]
Low numbers of adhesions formed in the HA group, and these mostly formed between the omentum and peritoneum. e degree of adhesion in the NG treatment group decreased in a dose-dependent manner
The levels of two inflammatory indexes, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), which is considered the master molecule of adhesion formation and tissue fibrosis, and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). e results showed that the inflammatory response was mild in the adhesive tissue of the NG treatment groups, and the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and IL-1β were lower in the NG groups than in the control group. e findings of this study suggest that NG plays an antiadhesion role by reducing the inflammatory response in intraperitoneal adhesion tissues
Summary
Many attempts have been made to inhibit the formation of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions, but the results have been discouraging. erefore, the identification of effective preventative measures or treatments is of great importance. Many attempts have been made to inhibit the formation of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions, but the results have been discouraging. The substantial potential of naringin (NG) to reduce peritoneal adhesions was validated in a rat model. A rat peritoneal adhesion model was established by abrasion of the cecum and its opposite intraperitoneal region under aseptic surgical conditions. Intraperitoneal adhesions were markedly reduced in the group of rats receiving high-dose NG. Compared with the control group, the high-dose NG group showed clear reductions in inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation in the adhesion tissue and enhanced gastrointestinal dynamics (P < 0.05). NG alleviated the severity of intraperitoneal adhesions in a rat model by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation, highlighting the potential of NG as a drug candidate to prevent postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation
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