Abstract
AbstractMitigating and adapting to global changes requires a better understanding of the response of the Biosphere to these environmental variations. Human disturbances and their effects act in the long term (decades to centuries) and consequently, a similar time frame is needed to fully understand the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of a natural system. To this end, the ‘Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique’ (CNRS) promotes and certifies long‐term monitoring tools called national observation services or ‘Service National d'Observation’ (SNO) in a large range of hydrological and biogeochemical systems (e.g., cryosphere, catchments, aquifers). The SNO investigating peatlands, the SNO ‘Tourbières’, was certified in 2011 (https://www.sno-tourbieres.cnrs.fr/). Peatlands are mostly found in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere and French peatlands are located in the southern part of this area. Thus, they are located in environmental conditions that will occur in northern peatlands in coming decades or centuries and can be considered as sentinels. The SNO Tourbières is composed of four peatlands: La Guette (lowland central France), Landemarais (lowland oceanic western France), Frasne (upland continental eastern France) and Bernadouze (upland southern France). Thirty target variables are monitored to study the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of the sites. They are grouped into four datasets: hydrology, fluvial export of organic matter, greenhouse gas fluxes and meteorology/soil physics. The data from all sites follow a common processing chain from the sensors to the public repository. The raw data are stored on an FTP server. After operator or automatic processing, data are stored in a database, from which a web application extracts the data to make them available (https://data-snot.cnrs.fr/data-access/). Each year at least, an archive of each dataset is stored in Zenodo, with a digital object identifier (DOI) attribution (https://zenodo.org/communities/sno_tourbieres_data/).
Highlights
There is a need for long-term observation to document and understand ecosystem responses to climate change and to stimulate synergies between observation and models
Long-term monitoring of water and C cycles in catchment areas containing such sentinel ecosystems is required. This is the rationale for the construction of the ‘Service National d'Observation (SNO) Tourbières’.The implementation of long term monitoring systems requires the building of an efficient information system
Bernard-Jannin et al (2018) used the water table depth (WTD) dataset from La Guette to set up a model describing the dissolved organic C (DOC) concentration in peat water
Summary
There is a need for long-term observation to document and understand ecosystem responses to climate change and to stimulate synergies between observation and models. Long-term monitoring of water and C cycles in catchment areas containing such sentinel ecosystems is required. As the objectives are to document and understand how temperate peatlands will respond to local and global disturbances, 30 relevant target variables (Table 1) are monitored corresponding to 5 datasets: (a) water table depth (WTD); (b) multiparameter station; (c) soil-meteorological; (d) eddy covariance (EC) fluxes and (e) chamber fluxes. Bernard-Jannin et al (2018) used the WTD dataset from La Guette to set up a model describing the dissolved organic C (DOC) concentration in peat water They were able to identify the most relevant hydrological processes and factors determining DOC dynamics across a range of conditions at the same site. 1: Landemarais - acidicfen, with small areas ofbog - N: 48.4422, E:-1.1872 - 26 ha - 145m a.s.l. - Molinia caerulea, Carex spp, Sphagnumspp - pH≈4.5 - Max peat depth: 2.5m
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