The influences of the "industry 4.0" development on the human capital of the industrial enterprise: foreign

Abstract

The factors and the consequences of the "Industry 4.0" development for the human capital of the industrial enterprise were arranged in this paper. Taking into consideration the limitations of the current approaches the attention was concentrate on such human capital elements, as: education (knowledge and skills), creative abilities, motivation, health, flexibility. The particularity of this investigation is connected with the correlations between the influences of the "Industry 4.0" development on all human capital elements of the industrial enterprise, potential impacts on the educational system, the employment in industry and the labour market. The main factors of the influences of the "Industry 4.0" development on the human capital of the industrial enterprise are such as: cyber physical systems implementation in manufacturing and its automation; work places computerization; implementation and development of advanced smart-technologies and informational systems; agile adaptability to the needs of customers; uprising the new risks for the health of the employees. Furthermore, the enterprise has to know all the answers for the market demand and the ecological situation. The main characteristics of the human capital in the age of "Industry 4.0" are increasing the importance of the creative workers and their motivation; taking into account the individual peculiarities; providing the mobility and flexibility of the employees, the content of job, working hours, places of work. The preservation of health is considered as the key to the working capacity. The human capital development should be made taking into account the influences on physical and mental health of the employees. Such hazards for the human capital of the industrial enterprise were summarized: confidential data losing, forthcoming the new risks for the health of the employees, workers’ creative abilities decreasing, "burnout", inappropriate motivation, etc. The consequences of the "Industry 4.0" development are creating "Education 4.0", remote work and outsourcing development, changing of the employment structure, the content of job, standards of health and safety at work. The prospects for overriding the risks and the consequences of changes should be identified taking into account the particularities of the country technological development, the demographic determinants, the indicators of the labour market, as well as the particular characteristics of the industrial enterprises. It was identified such main global trends against the risks of the "Industry 4.0", as: the flexible labour market development, increasing the efficiency of health and safety at work, STEM and STEAM employees training, commitment to improve the soft skills of workers, taking into consideration the particularities of the economic sectors, the level of the innovation development of the country and its human capital, investments in staff training, etc.