Abstract
Urban heat island (UHI) effects in core areas of megacities pose significant challenges to human health, energy consumption, and air quality. Investigating the relationship between urban morphology indicators and land surface temperature (LST) at the block scale is crucial for targeted urban planning strategies. This study examines the impact of morphology indicators on LST in central Beijing and Shanghai from 2000 to 2020 using the boosted region trees (BTR) model. Results showed: (1) LST increased in both cities in winter and summer, with high-value areas expanding spatially; (2) Comprehensive average impact degree of Beijing and Shanghai in winter and summer, Building density (BD) was the most important factor affecting LST, with 3D building forms being significant; (3) Impact hierarchy on LST: building form > landscape type > land cover type > social development; (4) The relationship between BD, ISA, and LST shifted from negative to positive with increasing values, while SHDI, GS, FAI, AI, and BH relationships with LST turned from positive to negative as values rose. This study highlights addressing UHI effects at the block scale in core urban areas, providing insights for urban planning and sustainable development.
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