Abstract
After decades of development, ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes (ILGPEs) are currently experiencing a renaissance as a promising electrolyte to be used in electrochemical devices. Their inherent tendency towards poor electrochemical properties have limited their applications and commercialization activities. Henceforth, gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is being introduced to alleviate the abovementioned issues. In this work, the assessment of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4] in poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) to form ILGPE was done. The relationship of [BMIM][BF4] towards the dielectric properties at different wt. % ratios and temperature was ascertained. The results indicated that [BMIM]BF4 is able to facilitate fast conduction. Moreover, it was found that [BMIM][BF4] could serve as an effective agent in reducing crystallinity and glass transition temperature of the polymer and thus enhanced the ionic conductivity of the samples. Notwithstanding, the ILGPE sample possessed a high thermal stability up to 300 °C and good electrochemical stability of 4.2 V which are beneficial for operation in electrochemical devices. All in all, the correlation between the ionic liquid chemistry and electrochemical performances could provide a valuable insight to rational selection and design for ILGPE electrolytes.
Highlights
The discovery of electrolytes was in the work of Alessandro Volta in the year 1800 when he invented the first electrochemical cell, which consisted of two dissimilar electrodes dipped in an electrolyte solution of saltwater brine, producing a steady electric current [1].Ever since, various types of liquid electrolytes have been developed and were commercialized for use in electrochemical devices such as rechargeable batteries, solar cells, and fuel cell applications
The obtained ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes (ILGPEs) films were further dried in vacuum oven to ensure that it is free from solvent and moisture, stored in a desiccator until further analysis
4 ] gel trolytes have substantially improved. These improvements have been reflected in lytes have substantially improved
Summary
The discovery of electrolytes was in the work of Alessandro Volta in the year 1800 when he invented the first electrochemical cell, which consisted of two dissimilar electrodes dipped in an electrolyte solution of saltwater brine, producing a steady electric current [1]. These conventional organic plasticizers are not suitable to be operated at high temperature and have insufficient mechanic strength [11,12] These have limited use in most electrochemical devices while some applications that need to be operated at high temperature require a high thermal stability electrolyte to ensure smooth operation and safety. PVDF-HFP is one of the most well-sought-after polymer hosts for ionic liquid gel polymer electrolytes (ILGPEs) due to its excellent film formation ability, hydrophobicity, high mechanical and thermal stability. High-temperature PEMFC application requires a high thermal stability of protic IL whereas lithium-ion battery often use aprotic IL with low viscosity to enhance its room temperature ionic conductivity. ILGPE films with a high loading amount of ionic liquid (>50%) through solution casting It exhibited good electrochemical and thermal properties, which we believe could act as a potential electrolyte to be applied in electrochemical devices
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