The Influence on Osseointegration of Immediate Functional Loading on Single Crowns: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Split Mouth Controlled Clinical Trial with Histomorphometric Evaluation.

Abstract

To evaluate the influence of immediate loading on osseointegration and bone density of implants installed in a healed alveolar bone crest and supporting single crowns. Two solid titanium transmucosal mini-screws were inserted in the distal regions of the mandible in 14 patients. One mini-implant was immediately functionally loaded, whereas the other was left unloaded. After two months of healing, biopsies were retrieved and new bone, old bone, and total bone (new and old bone) were assessed. Histological examination was performed on biopsies This peer-reviewed, accepted manuscript will undergo final editing and production prior to print publication. from 12 patients (n=12). New bone-to-implant contact percentage (BIC%) was 40.3 ± 16.8 % and 55.1 ± 19.1 % (p=0.043) at the unloaded and loaded sites, respectively, while the total BIC% was 44.9 ± 17.0 % and 59.5 ± 18.8 %, respectively (p=0.034). The new bone density was 45.9 ± 11.6 % and 45.9 ± 16.7 % in the unloaded and loaded implants, respectively (p=0.622). Immediate loading positively affected bone apposition on the implant surface, while no effect on bone density was observed after 2 months of healing.