Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive used in processed food. Long time use of MSG causes oxidative stress and damages kidney. The lycopene contents in watermelon is potential in reducing oxidative stress. This research aimed to discover the effect of watermelon juice in preventing kidney damage in rats.30 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: four groups fed with 10 mg of MSG / g body weight; three groups of these also fed with 3 different concentrations of watermelon juice (25% in P1, 50% in P2, and 100% in P3) whereas the MSG only is as the control positive (KP). The fifth group is supplemented with water as the negative control (KN).Blood and kidney were takenafter 30 days experiment. The urea levels were significantly higher in P1 (p=0.00) and P3 (p=0.01) in compare to KN, by 67% and 54% respectively. Creatinine levels were significantly lower in all watermelon intake groups by 32-46% in compare to KP. Kidney damages were obvious in group KP (p=0.00) and P1 (p=0.01). This research demonstrated that MSG exposure causedkidney damages and decreased kidney function. Watermelon juice at the concentration of 50% is able to reduce kidney damages by 48%.
Highlights
Kidney damage and decreased function due to Monosodium glutamate (MSG) cause an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that result in oxidative stress
The assessment of histopathology found out that the kidney damage scores were higher and significantly different from the negative control group which was not exposed to MSG
The display of kidney tubules is indicated by epithelial layer degeneration, in line with the research done by Minarma, on description of kidney histology and function after administration of MSG; the results demonstrated changes in the description of kidney histopathology i.e. edema in glomerulus and kidney tubular cells
Summary
This research demonstrated that MSG exposure caused kidney damages and decreased kidney function. Kidney damage and decreased function due to MSG cause an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that result in oxidative stress. The research analysis found out that the administration of 10 mg/g of BW caused differences in serum creatinine statistically between the groups receiving 25% concentration of watermelon juice (p=0.00), 50% (p=0.04) and 100% (p=0.02) compared to the groups that were not given any watermelon juice.
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